Improvement in quartz-crushers



A.l UNDSAY. Quartz Crusher.

Patente-d July 311, 1866..

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mmunumunlglnnn IIIIIIIU l al UNITED STATES PATENTv OFFICE.

A. LINDSAY, oF MALONE, NEW vonk.

IMPROVEMENT IN QUARTZ-CRUSHERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 56,768. dated July 31, 1866.

To all whom it may concer/n:

Be it known that L A. LINDsALlof Malone, in the county of Franklin and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Quartz-Crusher; and I do herebyT declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l represents a top view of my improved quartz-crusher, the upper part of the upright shaft B and that portion of the frame A to `which the former is secured being broken off. Fig. 2 represents a vertical longitudinal section taken on a plane indicated by the line a x, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a detail sectional view" taken ona plane indicated by the line y y, Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail sectional views to show the manner in which the cam j elevates or depresses thebrushes or scrapers G.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

This invention relates to that kind of quartzcrushers in which the quartz is crushed by rollers or chasers attached with their axles, on which they hang loosely, and which do not turn with them, to an upright shaft, so that the revolution of said upright shaft drives the said rollers or chasers around, so that they may, by their weight, crush the quartz, which lies either in an annular groove or on a plain surface; and my improvement consists, rst, in so constructing the above-mentioned rollers that they will run by their own accord in said annular groove without straining the upright shaft and without trying to go forward in a straight instead of a curved line 3 second, in so connecting with the above-mentioned rollers and the upright shaft ai series of brushes, which hang perpendicular above the annular groove, and which revolve with and by the action of said upright shaft, andare attached to the same by mea-ns of springs and frictionrollers in such a manner that they may be easily depressed or elevated, as may be desired, so that by depressing them they will brush the quartz, which has by that time been powdered sufficiently, through a spout leading from the said annular groove upon a series of separators or sieves, where the powdered quartz is assorted and delivered to different receptacles, according to its degree of fineness; third, in combining an endless apron with one of the above-mentioned receptacles and a hopper attached to and revolving with the upright shaft, so that such parts of the quartz which have not been powdered enough may be elevated by said endless apron, whence they will fall into the hopper and be deposited again into the annular groove, so that they may be crushedover again until they are flue enough not to fall into the recept-acle again,

from which the endless apron carries them back to the rollers; fourth, in so arranging the above-mentioned sieves or separators that they will deposit the coarsest powder, which cannot pass through them, in a b oX, when the endless apron carries it back to the rollers, while those portions of the powder which pass through the .coarsest sieve are again separated according to their usefulness for the manufacture of glass, porcelain, and other articles, and deposited in suitable boxes; and, lastly, in constructing an apparatus by which the aforesaid brushes or scrapers may be easily depressed or elevated as may be desired, and

` for the purpose set forth.

To the frame A, which is made of wood or any material strong enough to support the machinery connected with this quartz-Crusher, is attached and rmly secured and held the lupright shaft B, which is revolved by bevelgearing a., connecting it With the horizontal driving-shaft C, as seen in Fig. 2.

The shaft B passes through the heavy iron plate D, into which the annular groove d is sunk. The bottom of this groove d may be paved with blocks of granite or iron, according to the kind of quartz to be crushed, or the plate D may be made Without any groove whatever, so as to offer aplain surface. Said plate D is held iirmly by the frame A, and may be strengthened by building one or more columns of brick or stone under it, or by laying it altogether upon a bed of stone or brick.

The upright shaft B is perforated at suitable height above the bed-plate D, so that the axles c may be inserted into said upright shaft and attached to it by means of pins f, said pins passing through slots in the axles e, so that said axles may have free play up and down, as seen in Fig. 2. To the ends of these axles e are attached the rollers or chasers E, in the manner shown in Fig. 2, said rollers revolving around their axles and having full play up and down, as well as to and from the upright shaft B. These rollers are made of millstone or iron, and, having a weight of from two to iive tons, or more or less, each, crush the quartz lying in the groove d as they revolve and roll on said quartz. The face of these rollers E is beveled, so that their diameter is largest where it is farthest from the upright shaft B, as seen in Figs. l and 2. The object of this beveled face is to give the roller the tendency to revolve around the shaft B and in its track d of its own accord, which is obvious, the lower face, or rather that part of the faces which touches lthe quartz, being inclined downward, as well as the axle e, which is always parallel with the bottom of the face, which construction makes it roll in a circle, as the outer diameter is larger than the inner one, and has therefore to travel a larger distance than the inner one, thus making it impossible for the roller to revolvein a straight line, or tend to do so, which was the ease with the rollers heretofore used, whose face was square with their radius, and it therefore caused a great strain to be brought upon the upright shaft B to use these old rollers, and did not work at all smooth enough.

To the upright shaft B is attached the hopper F, to the bottom of which is attached, by screws or other means, a horizontal iron bar, g, through the outer end of which bar g, just above the center of groove d, passes an upright bar, g. This bar g holds at its lower end the brush or scraper Gr, and plays loosely in a hole cut into the end of bar g, and is prevented from falling by two pressure-rollers, g, which are attached each to a spring, Said springs gt, being attached to the bar g by screws7 may be made to press the rollers g more firmly against the bar g by drawing the screws which fasten them to the bar g tighter. While the quartz is being crushed these brushes or scrapers, of which any desired number may be attached to this machine, are kept elevated, so as not to come in contact with the quartz; but when said quartz is ground fine enough the brushes have to be depressed, and will then sweep the powdered quartz forward, so that it may pass through the spout 7L from the board D to the separators. To effect this depression or elevation of the brushes Gr, I secure to the bed-plate D, by standards i, a pipe or shell,

i', through which shell the rod i passes, saidA rod i being prevented from revolving of its own accord by. attaching to its rear end a handle, fitting into suitable notches cut into the shell i', and kept in them by the spiral spring it, which presses against the forward end of shell t" and against the cam j, attached to the forward end of rod i. This camj is so constructed that by putting it in the position shown in Fig. 4 it will press upon a roller,j, secured to the Lipper' and outward end of bar g', and thereby depress the brush G, while it will elevate the latter by turning it and securing it in the position shown in Fig. 5.

After the quartz has been ground fineenough it will be swept bythe brushes through the spout h upon the sieves or separators H, said sieves H being supported by brackets attached to the metal frame K, so that they may be slid out of said frame. K for cleaning purposes. The frame K is hung to the niain frame A by means of connecting-bars K', so as to swing freely, and receives a vibrating or shaking motion by means of a connecting-rod, Z, attached to the outer rim of the cog-wheel m, which is driven by cog-wheels m', attached to the upright shaft B. The quartz falls first upon the coarser upper sieves, n, whence those portions fine enough to pass through them fall upon a second set of sieves, o. That part of the powder ne enough to pass through the sieves o falls upon the inclined plate p, whence it is delivered into the box P, and has to be so iine as to beused for the manufacture of porcelain, while those portions of the powder which are too large to pass through the sieves o fall into the box R, and may be used for the manufacture of glassware. The coarsest part of the powdered quartz, which is not yet fine enough to be used, falls from the sieves n into the trough n', whence it is deposited in the box M. An endless apron, N, provided with cups n, passes over pulleys attached to the horizon` v tal axles g and r. The axle r is attached to the upper part of main frame A, and it is driven by gearing s from the driving-shaft C. The axle q is laid through and across the box M, so that the cups n', attached to the apron N, while passing around the axle g, may take up any quartz contained in said box and convey it to the top, whence they drop it into the hopper F, attached to and revolving with the upright shaft B. A pipe, t, leads from the bottom of the hopper F directly over the groove d, so that all the quartz dropped into the hopper will at once be deposited again into the groove d, to be crushed over again until it is ne enough.

I do not confine myself to any number of rollers E or Scrapers G, nor to the material out of which any part of this machine, or the whole, may be constructed.

l may also mention that the spout 71, maybe closed by means of a gate or similar device, so that no quartz can fall out until ground fine enough, when it will be swept by the brushes through the spout, the gate being then opened.

This machine can be managed or superintended by one man only, who will have nothing else to do than to shovel the'quartz into the groove d, (when he begins to work;) then, after it has been ground enough, he places the handle i" into the upper notch, thus placing the cam j into the position necessary to depress the brush G, and after all the quartz has been swept upon the separator H he will have to reverse the position of cam j so as to elevate the brushes again, that they may not come in contact With the quartz, which by this time comes into the groove d again through the pipe t, and to fill up the groove L with new quartz when necessary.

The simplicity of its construction prevents this machine from soon coming out of order,

y and as it is consequently cheaply manufac- G with bars g and g', springs git, friction-rollers g, rollers j', and cam j, substantially as shown and described.

3. Returning the coarse quartz to the crushers by means of sieves or separators n, trough n', box M, endless apron N, hopper J, and pipe t, substantially as shown and described.

4. The devices for raising` and lowering the brushes or scrapers g, consisting of cam j, rod i, shell i', and spiral spring it, substantially as herein shown and described.

The above specification of my invention signed by me this 23d day of May, 1866.

A. LlNDSAY.

Witnesses:

ALEX. F. ROBERTS, J. M. COvnvGfroN. 

